Psychoanalytic Analysis Essay

Richard, 44 years old, was referred by his doctor who felt that he had a major drinking problem. Initially, Richard resisted seeing himself as a problem drinker and preferred the idea that he was depressed. Richard exhibits impulsive binge behavior, engages in frantic efforts to avoid olfactory sensations of loneliness, shows a pattern of wonky and acuate interpersonal relationships, displays inappropriate pettishness, and manifests extreme toughness swings.Nevertheless, it appears that Richard has no signifi bedt medical problems or medical history. Richardss m otherwise died when he was 10 and his stimulate sent him to a private boarding school, feeling that he could not manage to bring up his son by himself. Richard felt that he was cast out by both of his parents ? by his mother who died and left him and by his father, just when he had most needed his love, companionship and support. He has had three marriages, each of which finish when his wife left.Typically, each woma n grew tired of his continual drinking binges and all that went with his alcoholism getting fired from job after job, not being a father to his children, being abusive both communicatoryly and physically to her and being extremely dependent on her. Consequently, Richard thinks that he did not have what it back aways to keep a wife and eventually grew increasingly bitter towards women since they all left him when he needed them the most. In the aspect of his work, he feels a great deal of anger towards his former boss who fired him.He complains that when he was broke his boss took his job away from him and didnt offer him support. Thus, in his eyes, important men ever so let him down including male friends who broke contact beca function of his drinking. Diagnosis (based on the criteria of manifestations), Psychodynamic Analysis, Use of Free Associations, Theoretical Treatment and Conclusion Based on the manifestations presented on the overview of Richards case, we can classify hi m to belong in the group of Psychiatric Disorders known as Personality Disorders.Personality Disorders are pervasive chronic mental disorders characterized by an individuals unique psychological traits and inability to form or maintain interpersonal relationships that revolve around the sphere of family, friends, and work environments ((MentalHelp. net, 2001). Richards salient manifestations are further classified into the Borderline type of Personality Disorder. Dombeck (2001), in his article Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms enlisted the following symptoms, which are ordinarily seen in persons with this state Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment. A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of glory and devaluation Identity disturbance markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e. g. , spending, sex, snapper abuse, reckless driving, binge eating) Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e. g. , intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days) A chronic feelings of conceitedness Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e. g. , frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights) transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms (Criteria summarized from American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition. Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association. ).Hence, as we can see in the aforementioned(prenominal) clinical manifestations, Richard can real belong in this type of disorder.A question may be generated in our minds as to the performers that can trigger the occurrence and pique o f this disorder in an individual. In line with this, we can device the Psychodynamic approach, which will lead us to trace and analyze the advent of this condition to a person. concord to Ballas (2006), one of the root causes or risk factors of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is abandonment renders in puerility. As we can observe, we can directly relate this factor to Richards case since he perceived her mothers death and his fathers decision to send him to the boarding school as abandonment.This issue has affected him in these ways when his mother died, in that location was somewhat a feeling of loss as any individual could have when a love one passes away. However, this feeling was aggravated by the decision of his father. Instead of comforting him, sending him away was the remedy because his father in turn had doubts if he can bring up his son properly. The decision of father was not fosterful to the grieving Richard who absolutely by that time needed the support system to alleviate him make it through. Further, this may have caused a significant anxiety, which can prompt the Richards disorder.Hence, this disorder as anxiety-related. As defined by Gale (1998), anxiety is an un advised strategy in which an individual would want to avoid a negative stimulus in view of the fact that it causes a somewhat threat on his or her ego integrity. This must have played a role in Richards condition. In this way, defense mechanisms are the way to unleash their feeling within. Defense mechanism is defined and expounded as a psychological mechanism to lessen tension and to shelter the ego from potential threat. Defense mechanisms can serve up an individual cope with anxiety or it can alike be harmful.The defense mechanisms that we will be dealing with are still based on the definitions on the same article. As we can evaluate Richards symptoms, we can clearly discern the defense mechanisms that he used. Denial was one of them. It was characterized by his immu nity to the fact that the doctor said that he has a major drinking problem. Denial was his attempt to eliminate the threatening information that he was confronted. Projection was also used in the aspect of his unsuccessful marriages. It was characterized by blaming his wives who left him to cover up the feeling of inadequacy as a husband to them.In other words, he projected his mistakes to other people. He also used displacement as a defense mechanism, as revealed by his an abusive husband and father. On the other hand, he exhibited five of the criteria for the disorder impulsive binge behavior, frantic efforts to avoid feelings of loneliness, inappropriate anger, pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships and extreme mood swings. The use of indigent association is helpful in this case as it can help to connect the details of the Richards thoughts and experiences.According to Chiriac (translation by Cristea, 2008), in her article About the Free Associations Method, free associations are useful in a way that thoughts are autonomously activated by chance verbal associations, influence conscious psychic life in a frequently dramatic manner and the task of psychoanalysis is to bring such complexes to the surface of conscious mind and eventually integrate them into the patients life. Thus, Richards thought may have been unveiled and interpreted by the doctor with the use of this method. Levin (2001) shared some important details in the treatment of BPD in her article in MentalHealth. et.She said that the treatment of choice for BPD, as with most temper disorders, is Psychotherapy. Further, it must be noted that making contract with the individuals with suicidal attempts is essential and must be taken as an initial action. Medications may be prescribed. However, there are still controversies on this matter. She also emphasized that the therapists or the clinicians must be firm in handling this individuals because BPD patients are difficult to deal with. As she recommended, the most successful and effective comprehensive approach to date has been Marsha Linehans Dialectical Behavior Therapy.This psychotherapy seeks to teach the client how to learn to better take control of their lives, their emotions, and themselves through self-knowledge, emotion regulation, and cognitive restructuring and is often conducted within a group setting. In addition, hospitalization will also be of great help since it provides a highly-structured environment necessary for the individuals independence. As with this disorder, medications are not specifically prescribed. Nevertheless, some medications such as antidepressant and anti-anxiety agents may be necessary to alleviate associated symptoms.Hence, Levin (2001) also emphasized the importance of self-help and support groups for patients suffering from this disorder. Therefore, a sufficient understanding of the case has been achieved by those aforementioned points that have been discussed. We have traced how Richard has gotten his condition through a careful analysis of the objective manifestations, which have been presented in the overview of this study. We can associate how the events in Richards childhood contributed to the intrapsychic conflicts and anxiety that had developed in him in the course of time.We have utilized some defense mechanism that he used in order to protect his ego from anxiety-provoking stimuli. In this way, we knew how his past had greatly affected his interpersonal relationships, which include that of his previous wives and even on his children. Moreover, the symptoms that he manifested were useful in order for us to identify the disorder that he is into and so we knew that he has five of the necessary criteria to classify him in the Borderline type of Personality Disorders.On the hand, the use of free association method is valuable to recognize the underlying details behind Richards disorder. Finally, we learned how psychotherapy is necessary to tr eat his psychiatric condition, how support-system plays a racy role in achieving proper treatment goal and how hospitalization is necessary to facilitate structured environment for Richard. Thus, we learned how the living environment can truly impact a persons psychological aspect, or should we say his integrity as a holistic being, throughout his lifetime.